Stroke, Vol 17, 1254-1265, Copyright © 1986 by American Heart Association
GJ Del Zoppo, BR Copeland, LA Harker, TA Waltz, J Zyroff, SR Hanson and E Battenberg
To study the effects of antithrombotic therapy in experimental stroke, we
have characterized a baboon model of acute cerebrovascular thrombosis. In
this model an inflatable silastic balloon cuff has been implanted by
transorbital approach around the right middle cerebral artery (MCA),
proximal to the take-off of the lenticulostriate arteries (LSA). Inflation
of the balloon for 3 hours in six animals produced a stereotypic sustained
stroke syndrome characterized by contralateral hemiparesis. An infarction
volume of 3.2 +/- 1.5 cm3 in the ipsilateral corpus striatum was documented
by computerized tomographic (CT) scanning at 10 days following stroke
induction and 3.9 +/- 1.9 cm3 (n = 4) at 14 days by morphometric
neuropathologic determinations of brain specimens fixed in situ by
pressure-perfusion with 10% buffered formalin. Immediate pressure-perfusion
fixation following deflation of the balloon was performed in 16 additional
animals given Evans blue dye intravenously prior to the 3 hour MCA balloon
occlusion. Light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy
consistently confirmed the presence of thrombotic material occluding
microcirculatory branches of the right LSA in the region of Evans blue
stain, but not those of the contralateral corpus striatum. When autologous
111In-platelets were infused intravenously in four animals from the above
group prior to the transient 3 hour occlusion of the right MCA, gamma
scintillation camera imaging of each perfused-fixed whole brain
demonstrated the presence of a single residual focus of 111In-platelet
activity involving only the Evans blue-stained right corpus striatum. Focal
right hemispheric activity was equivalent to 0.55 +/- 0.49 ml of whole
blood, and the occlusion score derived from histologic examination of the
microcirculation of the Evans blue-stained corpus striatum averaged 34.8
+/- 2.8. Similar 111In-platelet imaging and histologic scoring experiments
carried out in four animals pretreated with the antithrombotic combination
heparin and ticlopidine showed marked reduction of both 111In-platelet
activity (0.01 +/- 0.03 ml vs. 0.55 +/- 0.49 ml; p less than 0.01) and
thrombotic occlusion of the microcirculation (10.8 +/- 7.4 units vs. 34.8
+/- 2.8 units; p less than 0.01) in the right corpus striatum following 3
hours of MCA occlusion. In separate control experiments 111In-labeled
autologous platelets were infused after the 3 hour period of right MCA
occlusion and subsequent balloon deflation in two animals; no focus of
111In- platelet activity was demonstrated in fixed whole brain.(ABSTRACT
TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
ARTICLES
Experimental acute thrombotic stroke in baboons
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