Stroke, Vol 20, 1383-1390, Copyright © 1989 by American Heart Association
M De Ryck, J Van Reempts, M Borgers, A Wauquier and PA Janssen
We produced unilateral photochemical infarcts in the hindlimb sensorimotor
neocortex of 186 rats by intravenous injection of the fluorescein
derivative rose bengal and focal illumination of the intact skull surface.
Infarcted rats showed specific, long-lasting deficits in tactile and
proprioceptive placing reactions of the contralateral limbs, mostly the
hindlimb. Placing deficits were most prominent during transition to
immobility and/or when independent limb movements were required.
Administration of flunarizine, a Class IV calcium antagonist, 30 minutes
after infarction resulted in marked sparing of sensorimotor function in 30
rats. In contrast to 20 vehicle-treated rats, which remained deficient for
at least 21 days, 15 (75%) of the rats treated with 1.25 mg/kg i.v.
flunarizine showed normal placing on Day 1 after infarction, whereas the
remaining five (25%) recovered within 5 days. Oral treatment of 10 rats
with 40 mg/kg flunarizine was also effective. Neocortical infarct volume
and thalamic gliosis, assessed 21 days after infarction, did not differ
between 30 flunarizine- and 30 vehicle- treated rats. However, when
4-hour-old infarcts were measured in 16 rats, posttreatment with
intravenous flunarizine reduced infarct size by 31%. In combination with
appropriate behavioral analyses, photochemical thrombosis may constitute a
relevant stroke model, in which flunarizine preserved behavioral function
during a critical period, corresponding to the spread of ischemic damage.
ARTICLES
Photochemical stroke model: flunarizine prevents sensorimotor deficits after neocortical infarcts in rats
Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, Janssen Research Foundation, Beerse, Belgium.
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  G.-J. Gu, Y.-P. Li, Z.-Y. Peng, J.-J. Xu, Z.-M. Kang, W.-G. Xu, H.-Y. Tao, R. P. Ostrowski, J. H. Zhang, and X.-J. Sun Mechanism of ischemic tolerance induced by hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning involves upregulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1{alpha} and erythropoietin in rats J Appl Physiol, April 1, 2008; 104(4): 1185 - 1191. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Liu, T. P. Wong, M. Aarts, A. Rooyakkers, L. Liu, T. W. Lai, D. C. Wu, J. Lu, M. Tymianski, A. M. Craig, et al. NMDA Receptor Subunits Have Differential Roles in Mediating Excitotoxic Neuronal Death Both In Vitro and In Vivo J. Neurosci., March 14, 2007; 27(11): 2846 - 2857. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. G. Burnett, T. Shimazu, T. Szabados, H. Muramatsu, J. A. Detre, and J. H. Greenberg Electrical Forepaw Stimulation During Reversible Forebrain Ischemia Decreases Infarct Volume Stroke, May 1, 2006; 37(5): 1327 - 1331. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Omura, Y. Tanaka, N. Miyata, C. Koizumi, T. Sakurai, M. Fukasawa, K. Hachiuma, T. Minagawa, T. Susumu, S. Yoshida, et al. Effect of a New Inhibitor of the Synthesis of 20-HETE on Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion Injury Stroke, May 1, 2006; 37(5): 1307 - 1313. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. K Shukla, V. K Khanna, M M. Ali, R. Maurya, M Y Khan, and R. C Srimal Neuroprotective effect of Acorus calamus against middle cerebral artery occlusion-induced ischaemia in rat Human and Experimental Toxicology, April 1, 2006; 25(4): 187 - 194. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y.-M. Yu, J.-B. Kim, K.-W. Lee, S. Yun Kim, P.-L. Han, and J.-K. Lee Inhibition of the Cerebral Ischemic Injury by Ethyl Pyruvate With a Wide Therapeutic Window Stroke, October 1, 2005; 36(10): 2238 - 2243. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Shimazu, I. Inoue, N. Araki, Y. Asano, M. Sawada, D. Furuya, H. Nagoya, and J. H. Greenberg A Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-{gamma} Agonist Reduces Infarct Size in Transient but Not in Permanent Ischemia Stroke, February 1, 2005; 36(2): 353 - 359. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Belayev, I. Saul, R. Busto, K. Danielyan, A. Vigdorchik, L. Khoutorova, and M. D. Ginsberg Albumin Treatment Reduces Neurological Deficit and Protects Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity After Acute Intracortical Hematoma in the Rat Stroke, February 1, 2005; 36(2): 326 - 331. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Belayev, I. Saul, K. Curbelo, R. Busto, A. Belayev, Y. Zhang, P. Riyamongkol, W. Zhao, and M. D. Ginsberg Experimental Intracerebral Hemorrhage in the Mouse: Histological, Behavioral, and Hemodynamic Characterization of a Double-Injection Model Stroke, September 1, 2003; 34(9): 2221 - 2227. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Belayev, L. Khoutorova, T. A. Deisher, A. Belayev, R. Busto, Y. Zhang, W. Zhao, and M. D. Ginsberg Neuroprotective Effect of SolCD39, a Novel Platelet Aggregation Inhibitor, on Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Rats Stroke, March 1, 2003; 34(3): 758 - 763. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Aarts, Y. Liu, L. Liu, S. Besshoh, M. Arundine, J. W. Gurd, Y.-T. Wang, M. W. Salter, and M. Tymianski Treatment of Ischemic Brain Damage by Perturbing NMDA Receptor- PSD-95 Protein Interactions Science, October 25, 2002; 298(5594): 846 - 850. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. L. Roof, G. P. Schielke, X. Ren, and E. D. Hall A Comparison of Long-Term Functional Outcome After 2 Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Models in Rats Stroke, November 1, 2001; 32(11): 2648 - 2657. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Li, J. Chen, L. Wang, M. Lu, and M. Chopp Treatment of stroke in rat with intracarotid administration of marrow stromal cells Neurology, June 26, 2001; 56(12): 1666 - 1672. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. K. Callaway, M. J. Knight, D. J. Watkins, P. M. Beart, B. Jarrott, and J. A. Clemens Delayed Treatment With AM-36, a Novel Neuroprotective Agent, Reduces Neuronal Damage After Endothelin-1-Induced Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Conscious Rats • Editorial Comment Stroke, December 1, 1999; 30(12): 2704 - 2712. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Belayev, W. Zhao, P. M. Pattany, R. G. Weaver, P. W. Huh, B. Lin, R. Busto, M. D. Ginsberg, S. Mori, and R. J. Traystman Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging Confirms Marked Neuroprotective Efficacy of Albumin Therapy in Focal Cerebral Ischemia • Editorial Comment Stroke, December 1, 1998; 29(12): 2587 - 2599. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H.-J. Bidmon, K. Kato, A. Schleicher, O. W. Witte, K. Zilles, and R. J. Traystman Transient Increase of Manganese–Superoxide Dismutase in Remote Brain Areas After Focal Photothrombotic Cortical Lesion • Editorial Comment Stroke, January 1, 1998; 29(1): 203 - 211. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Belayev, O. F. Alonso, R. Busto, W. Zhao, M. D. Ginsberg, and C. Y. Hsu Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in the Rat by Intraluminal Suture: Neurological and Pathological Evaluation of an Improved Model Stroke, September 1, 1996; 27(9): 1616 - 1623. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. B. Johansson Functional Outcome in Rats Transferred to an Enriched Environment 15 Days After Focal Brain Ischemia Stroke, February 1, 1996; 27(2): 324 - 326. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Belayev, R. Busto, W. Zhao, and M. D. Ginsberg HU-211, a Novel Noncompetitive N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Antagonist, Improves Neurological Deficit and Reduces Infarct Volume After Reversible Focal Cerebral Ischemia in the Rat Stroke, December 1, 1995; 26(12): 2313 - 2320. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.-L. Ohlsson and B. B. Johansson Environment Influences Functional Outcome of Cerebral Infarction in Rats Stroke, April 1, 1995; 26(4): 644 - 649. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|