Stroke, Vol 23, 552-559, Copyright © 1992 by American Heart Association
H Memezawa, ML Smith and BK Siesjo
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The rat is now extensively used for studies on
focal cerebral ischemia, and several novel pharmacological principles have
been worked out in rat models of middle cerebral artery occlusion. The
objective of the present study was to assess how ischemic tissue can be
salvaged by reperfusion in a model of transient focal ischemia that gives
infarction of both the caudoputamen and the neocortex. METHODS: The middle
cerebral artery of anesthetized rats was occluded for 15, 30, 60, 90, 120,
or 180 minutes by an intraluminal filament, and recirculation was
instituted for 7 days to allow assessment of the density and localization
of ischemic brain damage using histopathologic techniques. Local cerebral
blood flow was measured in separate animals to verify that removal of the
filament was followed by adequate recirculation. RESULTS: Following 15
minutes of middle cerebral artery occlusion seven of eight rats showed
selective neuronal necrosis in the caudoputamen, while the neocortex was
normal. After 30 minutes of occlusion, seven of eight animals had infarcts
localized to the lateral caudoputamen, and four of eight had selective
neuronal necrosis in the neocortex. Prolongation of the ischemia to 60
minutes induced cortical infarction in all eight rats. The infarct size
increased progressively with increasing occlusion time, up to 120-180
minutes, when the infarcts were as extensive as those observed following 24
hours of permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion. CONCLUSIONS: The
results demonstrate a time window for salvage of penumbral tissues by
reperfusion that is shorter than that suggested on the basis of previous
data in other species. The results probably reflect a lower collateral
blood flow in the rat than in other species. This should be taken into
account when the effect of pharmacological agents is studied in rats.
ARTICLES
Penumbral tissues salvaged by reperfusion following middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats
Laboratory for Experimental Brain Research, University of Lund, Sweden.
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