Stroke, Vol 23, 829-834, Copyright © 1992 by American Heart Association
EF Ellekjaer, TB Wyller, JM Sverre and J Holmen
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: We evaluated the impact of lifestyle factors on the
risk of ischemic stroke. METHODS: We used a nested case-control design. The
cases comprised 163 persons (median age 69 years) admitted to a stroke unit
and diagnosed with acute cerebral infarction. All cases had earlier
participated in the North Trondelag Health Survey. The controls comprised
567 participants from the North Trondelag Health Survey, matched by sex and
year of birth. RESULTS: Raised systolic (p less than 0.001) and diastolic
(p = 0.02) blood pressure, antihypertensive treatment (p less than 0.001),
previous myocardial infarction (p less than 0.001), prior stroke (p =
0.002), diabetes (p less than 0.001), and former daily smoking (p = 0.02)
were identified as significant risk factors by univariate conditional
logistic regression. No difference in risk was detected at different levels
of alcohol consumption, salt intake, physical activity, or body mass index.
Current smokers had virtually the same risk as nonsmokers. No association
was found between stroke and the number of cigarettes smoked per day or the
number of years of smoking. Multivariate conditional logistic regression
identified diabetes (p = 0.002), raised systolic blood pressure (p less
than 0.001), and former daily smoking (p = 0.01) as significant and
independent risk factors. Previous myocardial infarction (p = 0.07),
previous stroke (p = 0.1), and current daily smoking (p = 0.1) were of
marginal significance. CONCLUSIONS: The established medical risk factors
for stroke are confirmed. With the possible exception of smoking, we have
not identified any lifestyle factor with a significant impact on the risk
of ischemic stroke.
ARTICLES
Lifestyle factors and risk of cerebral infarction
Centre of Health Administration, University of Oslo, Norway.
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