Stroke, Vol 24, 1828-1832, Copyright © 1993 by American Heart Association
H Palomaki and M Kaste
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To evaluate the association between different
patterns of alcohol consumption and the risk of ischemic stroke in young or
middle-aged men. METHODS: One hundred fifty-six patients and 153 control
subjects were included in this case-control study. The pattern and the
estimated average weekly intake of alcohol were assessed using a structured
questionnaire. The pattern of drinking was defined as regular (daily or
almost daily) or irregular (up to three times per week), and the weekly
amount of consumption was defined as nondrinking, light-to-moderate
drinking (up to 150 g/wk), moderate drinking (> 150 to 300 g/wk), and
heavy drinking (> 300 g/wk). Multiple stepwise logistic regression
models were used, and adjustments were carried out for potential
confounders. RESULTS: Heavy alcohol intake associated with an increased
risk of stroke (odds ratio, 4.45; 95% confidence interval, 1.09 to 18.1),
whereas the risk tended to be reduced in light-to-moderate drinkers (odds
ratio, 0.54; 95% confidence interval, 0.28 to 1.05). Accounting for the
pattern of alcohol intake in addition to the average weekly amount in
grams, regular light-to- moderate drinking showed a significant inverse
association with stroke (odds ratio, 0.12; 95% confidence interval, 0.02 to
0.65), and an irregular pattern of consumption attenuated this association.
Based on the same multivariate analyses, other significant independent risk
factors for stroke were arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, and
history of snoring, whereas the contributions of age, diabetes mellitus,
smoking, and body mass index proved to be nonsignificant. CONCLUSIONS:
Light-to-moderate alcohol intake appears to have an inverse association
with the risk of ischemic stroke. The beneficial effect appears to be most
prominent if the consumption of alcohol is regular and evenly distributed
throughout the week, whereas a sporadic or an occasional pattern of
drinking seems to weaken the association. This study also supports the role
of heavy drinking as an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke.
ARTICLES
Regular light-to-moderate intake of alcohol and the risk of ischemic stroke. Is there a beneficial effect?
Department of Neurology, University of Helsinki, Finland.
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