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Stroke, Vol 24, 1297-1304, Copyright © 1993 by American Heart Association
G Howard, AR Sharrett, G Heiss, GW Evans, LE Chambless, WA Riley and GL Burke
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: B-mode ultrasound is a widely used technique for
the clinical and epidemiological assessment of carotid atherosclerosis.
This article provides a description of the distribution of carotid
atherosclerosis in the general population. METHODS: Intimal-medial arterial
wall thickness was measured by B-mode real-time ultrasound as an index of
atherosclerotic involvement in the extracranial carotid arteries as part of
the population-based Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. The
distribution was described by race-sex strata, in which 759 to 4952
individuals were imaged depending on strata and location in the carotid
system. RESULTS: Median wall thickness ranged between 0.5 and 1 mm at all
ages; fewer than 5% of ARIC participants had values exceeding 2 mm.
Individuals tended to have a larger wall thickness in the carotid
bifurcation than in the common carotid artery. Internal carotid artery
values were more variable, with higher proportions of both large and small
wall thicknesses than in the common carotid. The proportion of individuals
with a large wall thickness was greatest at the bifurcation and smallest at
the common carotid artery. Men had uniformly larger wall thickness than
women. Cross-sectional analysis suggests that age- related increases in
wall thickness average approximately 0.015 mm/y in women and 0.018 mm/y in
men in the carotid bifurcation, 0.010 mm/y for women and 0.014 mm/y for men
in the internal carotid artery, and 0.010 mm/y in both sexes in the common
carotid artery. CONCLUSIONS: Estimates provided for wall thickness
percentiles can serve as "nomograms" by age, race, and sex.
ARTICLES
Carotid artery intimal-medial thickness distribution in general populations as evaluated by B-mode ultrasound. ARIC Investigators
Department of Public Health Sciences, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1063.
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