Stroke, Vol 25, 202-211, Copyright © 1994 by American Heart Association
Y Okada, BR Copeland, E Mori, MM Tung, WS Thomas and GJ del Zoppo
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE--Polymorphonuclear leukocytes have been implicated
in the development of the "no-reflow" phenomenon after focal cerebral
ischemia and reperfusion. To further understand the role of granulocytes in
microvascular occlusions, the responses of the granulocyte-endothelial cell
adhesion molecules P-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 during
middle cerebral artery ischemia and reperfusion were examined in a primate
model. METHODS-- Twelve adolescent male baboons were used for 2-hour middle
cerebral artery occlusion (n = 3) or for 3-hour occlusion with 1-hour (n =
3), 4- hour (n = 3), and 24-hour (n = 3) reperfusion, and three separate
unoperated primates served as controls. A quantitative immunohistochemical
study of the microvascular distribution of P- selectin and intercellular
adhesion molecule-1 was performed using 10- microns frozen sections from
basal ganglia analyzed with computerized light microscopy video imaging.
RESULTS--Significant (P < .05) persistent upregulation of P-selectin
(beginning during ischemia) and transient upregulation of intercellular
adhesion molecule-1 (at 1 and 4 hours of reperfusion) were observed on
endothelium of selected post- capillary microvessels of the ischemic
lenticulostriate artery territory. Platelet accumulation also occurred in
this territory and was responsible for a significant proportion of the
nonendothelial P- selectin signal at 24 hours after reperfusion.
CONCLUSIONS--Focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion stimulates endothelial
P-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression in brain
microvessels in the ischemic zone, which may contribute to enhanced
leukocyte adherence and persistent activation.
ARTICLES
P-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression after focal brain ischemia and reperfusion
Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037.
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