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Stroke, Vol 25, 1830-1834, Copyright © 1994 by American Heart Association

ARTICLES

Reduced blood-brain barrier permeability after cardiac arrest by conjugated superoxide dismutase and catalase in piglets

CL Schleien, B Eberle, DH Shaffner, RC Koehler and RJ Traystman
Department of Anesthesiology/Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cardiac arrest and resuscitation in immature piglets result in a delayed increase in blood-brain barrier permeability. We tested the hypothesis that pretreatment with oxygen radical scavengers reduces postischemic permeability. METHODS: Permeability was assessed by measuring the plasma-to-brain transfer coefficient of the small amino acid, alpha-aminoisobutyric acid, in 2- to 3-week-old anesthetized piglets. Three groups were studied: (1) a nonischemic time control group (n = 5), (2) an ischemia group (n = 8) pretreated with 5 mL of polyethylene glycol vehicle, and (3) an ischemia group (n = 8) pretreated with polyethylene glycol conjugated to superoxide dismutase (10,000 U/kg) and to catalase (20,000 U/kg). The ischemia protocol consisted of 8 minutes of ventricular fibrillation, 6 minutes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, defibrillation, and 4 hours of spontaneous circulation. RESULTS: The mean +/- SEM of the transfer coefficient of alpha-aminoisobutyric acid in cerebrum was (in microL/g per minute): 1.54 +/- 0.37 in the nonischemic group, 2.04 +/- 0.26 in the ischemia group treated with vehicle, and 1.29 +/- 0.25 in the ischemia group treated with oxygen radical scavengers. Postischemic values with scavenger treatment were significantly lower than those with vehicle treatment in cerebrum, cerebellum, medulla and cervical spinal cord. CONCLUSIONS: Pretreatment with oxygen radical scavengers reduces postischemic blood-brain barrier permeability by a small amino acid. These data are consistent with oxygen radical-mediated dysfunction of cerebral endothelium in a pediatric model of cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

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