From the Department of Neurosurgery (R.S-E., S.Z., H-J.R.) and Institute
for Surgical Research (E.H., A.B.), Klinikum Grosshadern,
Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.
Correspondence to Dr Robert Schmid-Elsaesser, Department of Neurosurgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Klinikum Grosshadern, Marchioninistr 15, 81377 Munich, Germany. E-mail Schmid-elsaesser{at}nc.med.uni-muenchen.de
Background and Purpose—The
intraluminal thread model for middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)
has gained increasing acceptance. Numerous modifications have
been reported in the literature, indicating that the technique has not
been standardized. The present study was performed to evaluate and
optimize the reliability of this model.
Methods—One hundred Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to MCAO by
2 different intraluminal filaments. Cortical blood flow was
continuously monitored over both hemispheres by laser-Doppler
flowmetry (LDF). In part I (3-0 filament), we evaluated the
incidence of adequate MCAO, subarachnoid hemorrhage
(SAH), intraluminal thrombus formation, and the effects of
heparinization. In part II (silicone-coated 4-0 filament), we also
determined the influence of insufficient MCAO on morphological and
functional outcome and the incidence of postischemic
hyperthermia.
Results—In part I, SAH occurred in 30% and premature reperfusion
in 24%. All animals with a decrease in contralateral flow had suffered
SAH. Thrombus formation was not observed in any group. In part II, SAH
occurred in 8% and premature reperfusion in 26%. There was no
difference in outcome between rats with primary MCAO and rats with
filament correction. Animals with uncorrected premature reperfusion had
significantly smaller infarct volumes and fewer neurological
deficits.
Conclusions—SAH and insufficient MCAO may be more common in the
intraluminal thread model than previously reported.
Inadvertent premature reperfusion contributes to the
interanimal variability associated with this model. The incidence of
valid experiments increases with the use of a silicone-coated 4-0
filament. Continuous bilateral LDF is indispensable to monitor adequate
MCAO and is highly sensitive to recognize SAH.
Department
of Pathology (Neuropathology),
Henry Ford Hospital,
Detroit, Michigan
© 1998 American Heart Association, Inc.
Original Contributions
A Critical Reevaluation of the Intraluminal Thread Model of Focal Cerebral Ischemia
Evidence of Inadvertent Premature Reperfusion and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rats by Laser-Doppler Flowmetry
Editorial Comment
Evidence of Inadvertent Premature Reperfusion and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rats by Laser-Doppler Flowmetry
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