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(Stroke. 1998;29:1573-1579.)
© 1998 American Heart Association, Inc.

Original Contributions

A Cohort Study of the Safety and Feasibility of Intraventricular Urokinase for Nonaneurysmal Spontaneous Intraventricular Hemorrhage

William M. Coplin, MD; Federico C. Vinas, MD; Jacob M. Agris, MD, PhD; Razvan Buciuc, MD; Daniel B. Michael, MD, PhD; Fernando G. Diaz, MD, PhD; J. Paul Muizelaar, MD, PhD

From the Departments of Neurological Surgery (W.M.C., F.C.V., J.M.A., R.B., D.B.M., F.G.D., J.P.M.) and Neurology (W.M.C.), Detroit Receiving and Grace Hospitals, Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, Mich.

Correspondence to William M. Coplin, MD, Departments of Neurology and Neurological Surgery, Wayne State University, 4201 St Antoine–6E-UHC, Detroit, MI 48201. E-mail wcoplin{at}med.wayne.edu

Background and Purpose—Small case series have reported potential benefit from thrombolysis after spontaneous intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). Our objective was to review our experience using intraventricular urokinase (UK) in treating selected patients with IVH.

Methods—Using medical records, we identified all patients who received ventriculostomies for CT-confirmed nonaneurysmal nontraumatic spontaneous IVH from December 1992 through November 1996. We reviewed charts and CT images and examined the data for associations with specific outcomes.

Results—We identified 40 patients, 18 treated with ventriculostomy alone and 22 receiving adjunctive intraventricular UK. The initial Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores of the two groups were similar (P=0.5). While there was a trend for patients with any intraparenchymal hemorrhage (IPH) to receive UK (P=0.07), the mean size of IPH in those who received ventriculostomy alone was larger than in those who received adjunctive UK (P=0.002). There was lower mortality in the group treated with UK (31.8 versus 66.7%; P=0.03), but there was only a trend toward an increase in favorable outcome (22.2% versus 36.4%; P=0.3). Overall, the most significant association with outcome was neurological condition at presentation (GCS >5 versus 5; P=0.003). Receiving UK did not increase the occurrence of complications or hospital length of stay for survivors (P=0.5).

Conclusions—Intraventricular UK remains a safe and potentially beneficial intervention. While it appeared to lower mortality, a randomized, placebo-controlled trial is needed to explore whether the therapy can increase the incidence of favorable outcomes.

Key Words: intraventricular hemorrhage • outcome • thrombolysis • thrombolytic therapy

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