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(Stroke. 2000;31:1123.)
© 2000 American Heart Association, Inc.

Original Contributions

Visualization of the Basilar Artery By Transcranial Color-Coded Duplex Sonography

Comparison With Postmortem Results

Gernot Schulte-Altedorneburg, MD; Dirk W. Droste, MD; Vasile Popa, MD; Walter A. Wohlgemuth, MD; Mónika Kellermann, MD; Darius G. Nabavi, MD; László Csiba, MD, PhD E. Bernd Ringelstein, MD

From the Departments of Neurology (G.S.-A., V.P., L.C.) and Psychiatry (M.K.), Medical University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; the Department of Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany (G.S.-A., D.W.D., D.G.N., E.B.R.); and the Department of Radiology, Zentralklinikum Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany (W.A.W.).

Correspondence to Gernot Schulte-Altedorneburg, MD, Department of Radiology, Zentralklinikum Augsburg, Stenglinstr. 2, D-86156 Augsburg, Germany. E-mail Gernot.SAD{at}gmx.de

Background and Purpose—Transcranial color-coded sonography (TCCS) via the suboccipital approach allows direct and continuous visualization of the basilar artery (BA). In this study, we intended to evaluate the ability of native TCCS in visualizing the length of the BA by means of a comparison with postmortem measurements.

Methods—The BA was prospectively studied by TCCS shortly before death (median 3 days) in 46 moribund neurological patients (mean±SD age 71.1±13.1 years). The length of the BA was determined by measuring the distance between the vertebrobasilar junction and the deepest available flow signal in the top of the BA. During autopsy, photos of the vertebrobasilar system were taken to evaluate the true anatomic length and variations of the course of BA in situ, eg, straight, curved, or S-shaped.

Results—Comparison of the in vivo ultrasound measurements of BA length and postmortem data was possible in 44 of 46 cases. In the 2 remaining patients, the BA was occluded. The mean insonation depth of the vertebrobasilar junction was found at 66.9±7.1 mm. The mean BA length was 21.5±6.8 mm by color-coded duplex and 32.9±6 mm anatomically (P<0.0001). The mean difference between color mode and anatomic findings was 11.3±6.4 mm in the case of a straight BA (35 cases) and 16.3±4.8 mm in an anatomically tortuous course of the BA (9 cases).

Conclusions—Color duplex imaging enables correct visualization of the proximal two thirds of the BA, but only exceptionally of its distal one third. A tortuous course of the BA leads to an underestimation of its anatomic length.

Key Words: basilar artery • duplex scanning • pathology • ultrasonography

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