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(Stroke. 2001;32:903.)
© 2001 American Heart Association, Inc.
Original Contributions |
Prospective Study of Depressive Symptoms and Risk of Stroke Among Japanese
From the Institute of Community Medicine, University of Tsukuba (T.O., H. Iso, S. Satoh, T. Sankai, T.T., Y.O., T. Shimamoto), and Department of Epidemiology and Mass Examination, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases (T.O., H. Imano, S. Sato, A.K.) (Japan).
Background and Purpose—We sought to examine the relationship between depressive symptoms and the incidence of stroke among Japanese men and women.
Methods—A 10.3-year prospective study on the relationship between depressive symptoms and the incidence of stroke was conducted with 901 men and women aged 40 to 78 years in a rural Japanese community. Depressive symptoms were measured at baseline with the use of the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). The incidence of stroke was ascertained under systematic surveillance.
Results—During the
10-year follow-up, 69 strokes (39 ischemic strokes, 10
intracerebral hemorrhages, 10
subarachnoid hemorrhages, and 10 unclassified strokes)
occurred. Age- and sex-adjusted prevalence of mild depression (SDS
scores 
40) at baseline was 25% among subjects with incident stroke
and 12% among subjects without stroke
(P<0.01). Persons with SDS
scores in the high tertile had twice the age- and sex-adjusted relative
risk of total stroke as those with scores in the low tertile. The
excess risk was confined to ischemic stroke. After we adjusted
for body mass index, systolic blood pressure level, serum total
cholesterol level, cigarette smoking, current treatment
with antihypertensive medication, and history of diabetes mellitus,
these relative risks remained statistically significant for total
stroke (1.9; 95% CI, 1.1 to 3.5) and ischemic stroke (2.7;
95% CI, 1.2 to 6.0).
Conclusions—Depressive symptoms predict the risk of stroke, specifically ischemic stroke among Japanese.
Editorial Comment
Is Depression a Risk Factor for Ischemic Stroke?
Lipid Research Department, University of New South Wales, St Vincents Hospital, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia, l.simons@notes.med.unsw.edu.au
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