Published online before print January 15, 2004, doi: 10.1161/01.STR.0000103141.82869.77
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(Stroke. 2004;35:404.)
© 2004 American Heart Association, Inc.
Original Contributions |
Framingham Stroke Risk Profile and Lowered Cognitive Performance
From the Statistics and Consulting Unit, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, Mass (M.F.E., P.K.E., R.B.D.); Department of Psychology, University of Maine, Orono (M.F.E.); Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (L.M.S., A.B.), and Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience (C.D.), University of California-Davis; and Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass (R.A., P.A.W.).
Reprint requests to Merrill F. Elias, PhD, Statistics and Consulting Unit, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215. E-mail MFElias{at}aol.com
Background and Purpose— The primary objective of this work was to describe the relationships between 10-year risk for stroke and multiple measures of cognitive performance for a large community-based sample of individuals who were free of clinical stroke and dementia at the time of risk assessment.
Methods— Participants were 1011 men and 1164 women from the Framingham Offspring Study. The Framingham Stroke Risk Profile was used to assess 10-year risk of stroke. Using a cross-sectional design, we assessed 10-year risk of stroke, the predictor variable, and cognitive performance, the outcome variable, at examination 7 of the Framingham Offspring Study. Multivariable linear regression models were used to relate 10-year risk of stroke to cognitive tests measuring multiple domains of cognitive functioning.
Results— With statistical adjustment for age, education, sex, and other correlates of both stroke and cognitive ability, an inverse association between increments in 10-year risk of stroke and cognitive performance level was observed for tests indexing visual-spatial memory, attention, organization, scanning, and abstract reasoning.
Conclusions— In stroke- and dementia-free individuals, higher 10-year risk for stroke is associated with performance decrements in multiple cognitive domains.
Key Words: cognition • risk factors • stroke
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