This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: 35/5/1175    most recent 01.STR.0000125868.86298.8ev1 Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Request Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Schäbitz, W.-R. Articles by Schwab, S. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Schäbitz, W.-R. Articles by Schwab, S. Pubmed/NCBI databases Medline Plus Health Information MRI Scans Related Collections Acute Cerebral Infarction Computerized tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Other Stroke Treatment - Medical

(Stroke. 2004;35:1175.)
© 2004 American Heart Association, Inc.

Original Contributions

Neuroprotection by Hyperbaric Oxygenation After Experimental Focal Cerebral Ischemia Monitored by MRI

Wolf-Ruediger Schäbitz, MD; Holger Schade; Sabine Heiland, PhD; Rainer Kollmar, MD; Jürgen Bardutzky, MD; Nils Henninger, MD; Harald Müller, MD; Ulrich Carl, MD; Shinya Toyokuni, MD, PhD; Clemens Sommer, MD Stefan Schwab, MD

From Departments of Neurology (W.R.S., H.S., R.K., J.B., S.S.) and Neuroradiology (S.H.), University of Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Neuropathology (H.M., C.S.), University of Ulm, Germany; Department of Radiology (U.C.), Diakonie Krankenhaus, Rottenburg, Germany; Department of Pathology and Biology of Diseases (S.T.), Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan.

Correspondence to Dr Clemens Sommer, Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany. E-mail clemens.sommer{at}medizin.uni-ulm.de

Background— Hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) after focal cerebral ischemia reduces infarct size and improves outcome when applied early after stroke. Here, we evaluated effects of HBO on permanent focal cerebral ischemia and applied magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) monitoring to study lesion evolution.

Methods— Rats underwent permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Two hours later, animals were treated with HBO (100% O₂/2 atm; n=17) for 1 hour or treated with room air (n=17). Animals underwent serial MRI studies (DWI, PI, T2) beginning 90 minutes after MCAO. Neuroscore was assessed (5-point rating scale). Animals were euthanized and brains were 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC)-stained for infarct volume calculation 120 hours after MCAO. Immunohistochemistry was performed with antibodies against c-FOS and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal-modified proteins (HNE) to check for effects of oxidative stress caused by HBO treatment.

Results— HBO reduced infarct volume by 38% (P<0.001). As shown by MRI, neuroprotection began 5 hours after ischemia and remained effective for 5 days. The relative regional cerebral blood flow was not different between groups at 3.5 and 5 hours after occlusion. There was less neurological deficit in HBO-treated animals compared with controls (P<0.05). Lipid peroxidation of cerebral vessels after HBO treatment as measured by HNE staining and pattern of c-FOS induction were not significantly different between groups at 3.5 and 8 hours after ischemia.

Conclusion— As monitored by MRI HBO treatment reversed ischemic lesion size between 3 and 5 hours after ischemia and achieved a long-lasting neuroprotective effect without significant oxidative damage.

Key Words: hyperbaric oxygenation • focal cerebral ischemia • MRI • lipid peroxidation • neuroprotection

This article has been cited by other articles:

				L. Sun, H. H. Marti, and R. Veltkamp Hyperbaric Oxygen Reduces Tissue Hypoxia and Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1{alpha} Expression in Focal Cerebral Ischemia Stroke, March 1, 2008; 39(3): 1000 - 1006. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. T. Kawaguchi, D. Fukumoto, M. Haida, Y. Ogata, M. Yamano, and H. Tsukada Liposome-Encapsulated Hemoglobin Reduces the Size of Cerebral Infarction in the Rat: Evaluation With Photochemically Induced Thrombosis of the Middle Cerebral Artery Stroke, May 1, 2007; 38(5): 1626 - 1632. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. P. Ostrowski, J. Tang, and J. H. Zhang Hyperbaric Oxygen Suppresses NADPH Oxidase in a Rat Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Model Stroke, May 1, 2006; 37(5): 1314 - 1318. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Veltkamp, D. A. Siebing, L. Sun, S. Heiland, K. Bieber, H. H. Marti, S. Nagel, S. Schwab, and M. Schwaninger Hyperbaric Oxygen Reduces Blood-Brain Barrier Damage and Edema After Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia Stroke, August 1, 2005; 36(8): 1679 - 1683. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. B. Singhal, T. Benner, L. Roccatagliata, W. J. Koroshetz, P. W. Schaefer, E. H. Lo, F. S. Buonanno, R. G. Gonzalez, and A. G. Sorensen A Pilot Study of Normobaric Oxygen Therapy in Acute Ischemic Stroke Stroke, April 1, 2005; 36(4): 797 - 802. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]