Published online before print January 4, 2007, doi: 10.1161/01.STR.0000254528.17405.cc
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(Stroke. 2007;38:361.)
© 2007 American Heart Association, Inc.
Original Contributions |
Stroke Symptoms and the Decision to Call for an Ambulance
From the National Stroke Research Institute (I.M., M.N., G.D., H.D.,), Australia, University of Melbourne, Australia; the Department of Medicine (G.D., H.D.), University of Melbourne, Australia; the Department of Neurology (H.D., G.D.), Austin Health, Victoria, Australia; and Metropolitan Ambulance Service (I.P.), Melbourne, Australia.
Correspondence to Ian Mosley, National Stroke Research Institute Level 1 Neurosciences Building, Austin Health, 300 Waterdale Road, Heidelberg Heights Victoria 3181, Australia. E-mail imosley{at}nsri.org.au
Background and Purpose— Few acute stroke patients are treated with alteplase, partly because of significant prehospital delays after symptom onset. The aim of this study was to determine among ambulance-transported stroke patients factors associated with stroke recognition and factors associated with a call for ambulance assistance within 1 hour from symptom onset.
Methods— For 6 months in 2004, all ambulance-transported stroke or transient ischemic attack patients arriving from a geographically defined region in Melbourne (Australia) to 1 of 3 hospital emergency departments were assessed. Tapes of the call for ambulance assistance were analyzed and the patient and the caller were interviewed.
Results— One hundred ninety-eight patients were included in the study. Stroke was reported as the problem in 44% of ambulance calls. Unprompted stroke recognition was independently associated with facial droop (P=0.015) and a history of stroke or transient ischemic attack (P<0.001). More than half of the calls for ambulance assistance were made within 1 hour from symptom onset and only 43% of these callers spontaneously identified the problem as "stroke." Factors independently associated with a call within 1 hour were: speech problems (P=0.009), caller family history of stroke (P=0.017), and the patient was not alone at symptom onset (P=0.018).
Conclusions— Stroke was reported as the problem (unprompted) by <50% of callers. Fewer than half the calls were made within 1 hour from symptom onset. Interventions are needed to more strongly link stroke recognition to immediate action and increase the number of stroke patients eligible for acute treatment.
Key Words: acute stroke • community awareness • emergency medical services • paramedics
Related Article:
Stroke 2007 38: 395-397.
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