Published online before print July 10, 2008, doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.513234
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(Stroke. 2008;39:2461.)
© 2008 American Heart Association, Inc.
Original Contributions |
Recurrent Events in Transient Ischemic Attack and Minor Stroke
What Events Are Happening and to Which Patients?
From the Seaman Family MR Research Centre (S.B.C., S.S., J.C.K., AM.D.), Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary Health Region; the Departments of Clinical Neurosciences (S.B.C., M.D.H., C.R.C., Y.B.C., S.S., A.M.D.), Community Health Sciences (M.D.H.), Medicine (M.D.H.), and Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.C.K.), University of Calgary, AB, Canada.
Correspondence to Dr Shelagh Coutts, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Room C1246, Foothills Medical Centre, 1403 29th St SW, Calgary, AB, T2N 2T9, Canada. E-mail shelagh.coutts{at}calgaryhealthregion.ca
Background and Purpose— The risk of a recurrent stroke after transient ischemic attack (TIA) or minor stroke is high. Clinical trials are needed to assess acute treatment options in these patients. We sought to evaluate the type of recurrent events and to identify which subsets of patients are at risk for recurrent events.
Methods— One hundred and eighty patients with TIA or minor stroke were examined within 12 hours and underwent brain MRI within 24 hours. Any neurological deterioration was recorded, and a combination of clinical and MRI factors were used to create a combined event classification. Subgroups of patients analyzed included classical TIA, patients with NIHSS=0, and patients with NIHSS >0 in ED.
Results— Overall there were 38 events in 36 patients (20% event rate); 20 were symptomatic and 18 were silent (only evident because of the follow up MRI). 18/20 (90%) symptomatic events were associated with progression of presenting symptoms, compared to 2/20 (10%) with a clear recurrent stroke distinct from the original event. We found a low risk of recurrent stroke among classical definition TIA patients (1.1%). Patients with an NIHSS=0 in the ED, had an intermediate event rate (6.6%) between TIA (classical – 1.1%) and NIHSS >0 (14.4%; 
2 test for trend, P=0.02). All clinical categories of patient (TIA, stroke, NIHSS=0) accumulated silent lesions on MRI.
Conclusions— Most events were classified as stroke progression or infarct growth rather than a recurrent stroke. A low risk of recurrence was found in patients with classical TIA and those with no neurological deficits on initial assessment.
Key Words: stroke • TIA • MRI • diffusion weighted imaging
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