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on February 10, 2009

Stroke. 2009
Published online before print February 10, 2009, doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.527788
A more recent version of this article appeared on April 1, 2009
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*Compound via MeSH
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Medline Plus Health Information
*Epilepsy
*High Risk Pregnancy
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*MAGNESIUM COMPOUNDS
*MAGNESIUM SULFATE
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Submitted on June 3, 2008
Revised on August 15, 2008
Accepted on September 8, 2008

Magnesium Sulfate for the Treatment of Eclampsia. A Brief Review

Anna G. Euser PhD and Marilyn J. Cipolla PhD*

From the Departments of Neurology, Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, and Pharmacology, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: Marilyn.Cipolla{at}uvm.edu.

Background and Purpose—Magnesium sulfate is used extensively for prevention of eclamptic seizures. Empirical and clinical evidence supports the effectiveness of magnesium sulfate; however, questions remain as to its safety and mechanism. This review summarizes current evidence supporting the possible mechanisms of action and several controversies for magnesium sulfate treatment.

Summary of Review—Several mechanisms are presented, including the effects of magnesium sulfate on peripheral and cerebral vasodilation, blood-brain barrier protection, and as an anticonvulsant.

Conclusions—Though the specific mechanisms of action remain unclear, the effect of magnesium sulfate in the prevention of eclampsia is likely multi-factorial. Magnesium sulfate may act as a vasodilator, with actions in the peripheral vasculature or the cerebrovasculature, to decrease peripheral vascular resistance or relieve vasoconstriction. Additionally, magnesium sulfate may also protect the blood-brain barrier and limit cerebral edema formation, or it may act through a central anticonvulsant action.
Key words: eclampsia • magnesium sulfate • vasodilation • blood-brain barrier • anticonvulsant




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