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(Stroke. 2003;34:1084.)
© 2003 American Heart Association, Inc.

AHA Scientific Statement

Guidelines and Recommendations for Perfusion Imaging in Cerebral Ischemia

A Scientific Statement for Healthcare Professionals by the Writing Group on Perfusion Imaging, From the Council on Cardiovascular Radiology of the American Heart Association

Richard E. Latchaw, MD, Chair; Howard Yonas, MD; George J. Hunter, MD; William T.C. Yuh, MD, MSEE; Toshihiro Ueda, MD, PhD; A. Gregory Sorensen, MD; Jeffrey L. Sunshine, MD, PhD; Jose Biller, MD; Lawrence Wechsler, MD; Randall Higashida, MD George Hademenos, PhD

Key Words: procedures and tests • stroke • AHA Scientific Statement

An extract of the first 250 words of the full text is provided, because this article has no abstract.

	Introduction

 
A number of techniques have been developed during the past four decades to evaluate cerebral perfusion. The oldest used ¹³³Xe, a lipophilic radioactive tracer that easily diffuses through the blood-brain barrier (BBB). It was either injected or inhaled, and probes placed over the scalp were used to measure perfusion to the cerebral cortex.^1,2 In the mid-1970s, the development of a scanner to detect the emission of positrons led to positron emission tomography (PET) in humans.³ Using a number of radioisotopes, this technology can measure cerebral blood flow (CBF) and various metabolic processes, but until recently it has been primarily used as a research tool. Stable ("cold") xenon was found to attenuate x-rays in a manner similar to iodine, and there were a number of projects in the 1970s to use this gas as a contrast agent for the rapidly emerging technology of computed tomography (CT), particularly as a perfusion tracer.⁴ This resulted in the development of the xenon-enhanced CT (XeCT) technique to calculate CBF in patients.⁵ With improvements in single photon emission CT (SPECT) during the 1980s, a number of compounds that are metabolized in the central nervous system (CNS) were found to be appropriate for perfusion imaging.^6,7 Perfusion-weighted and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging (PWI and DWI) were developed in the late 1980s,^8,9 and that technology has continued to improve. Finally, with the evolution of helical and spiral multislice CT technology, CT perfusion (CTP) imaging is becoming a potentially important clinical technique.¹⁰

Although the development of these technologies has . . . [Full Text of this Article]

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