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(Stroke. 2006;37:323.)
© 2006 American Heart Association, Inc.

Advances in Stroke 2005

Advances in Vascular Cognitive Impairment 2005

From the University of Southern California (H.C.), Los Angeles and the Sahlgrenska University Hospital (I.S.), Göteborg, Sweden.

Correspondence to Ingmar Skoog, Sahlgrenska University Hospital. E-mail ingmar.skoog@neuro.gu.se

Key Words: vascular cognitive impairment

An extract of the first 250 words of the full text is provided, because this article has no abstract.

Diagnosis of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) or vascular dementia (VaD) is highly dependent on operational definitions. Among 480 cases of incident dementia in the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) Cognition Study, Lopez et al¹ demonstrated how findings from brain imaging and choice of diagnostic criteria influence the classification of VaD. As shown by previous investigators, the number of cases classified as VaD increases with the availability of imaging. Furthermore, the widely-used NINDS-AIREN criteria (42 probable VaD) are more conservative than the DMS IV (62 VaD) or California ADDTC criteria (117 probable VaD). In the CHS cohort, several baseline MRI findings (in addition to history of stroke) were identified as risk factors for incident VaD: white matter hyperintensities (WMH), number of MRI infarcts, and ventricular size.² Increased incidence of Alzheimer disease (AD) was also increased by the severity of coronary and peripheral atherosclerosis.³ Thus, MRI or systemic measures of CVD may offer important surrogate markers for VCI.

VaD is purported to be more common than AD in Asia. In a study of 34 807 persons, aged 65 or older, living in several Chinese communities, Zhang et al⁴ reported a prevalence of 4.8% for AD and 1.1% for VaD. These results suggest that the prevalence of dementia subtypes in China is similar to Western countries. It should be noted, however, that the application of NINDS-AIREN criteria and the absence of brain imaging may underestimate the extent of underlying CVD.

Costs related to VCI for society and individuals have been examined. According to 2 . . . [Full Text of this Article]

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