on September 18, 2003
Published online before print September 18, 2003, doi: 10.1161/01.STR.0000089293.29739.97
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Submitted on May 13, 2003
From the Department of Epidemiology, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, Japan (C.S., J.N., K.K.); Institute of Health Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan (J.N.); and Cancer Research UK, Epidemiology Unit, Oxford, UK (N.A.). * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: sauvaget{at}rerf.jp.
Background and Purpose--Fruits and vegetables are known for their beneficial effects on chronic diseases. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of a diet rich in fruits and vegetables on total stroke mortality and its 2 main subtypes in men and women separately. Methods--A prospective cohort study of 40 349 Japanese men and women was initiated in 1980-1981 and followed until 1998. Fruit and vegetable intake was assessed at baseline on the basis of the response to a food frequency questionnaire. During the 18-year follow-up period, deaths from stroke were registered. Results--A total of 1926 stroke deaths were identified during the follow-up period. An increasing frequency of intake of green-yellow vegetables and fruit was associated with a reduced risk of death from intracerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction. Daily intake of green-yellow vegetables was associated with a significant 26% reduction in the risk of death from total stroke in men and women compared with an intake of once or less per week. The protective effect associated with daily fruit and vegetable intake was observed for both cerebral infarction and intracerebral hemorrhage mortality but was slightly stronger and clearer for infarction than for hemorrhage, with a 32% reduction in men and a 30% reduction in women. Daily fruit intake was associated with a significant 35% reduction in risk of total stroke in men and a 25% reduction in women and was equally strong for both intracerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction. Conclusions--Daily consumption of green-yellow vegetables and fruits is associated with a lower risk of total stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, and cerebral infarction mortality. The protective effects are similar in both men and women.
Accepted on June 10, 2003
Vegetable and Fruit Intake and Stroke Mortality in the Hiroshima/Nagasaki Life Span Study
C. Sauvaget MD*;
Key words: cerebrovascular disorders • fruit • Japan • longitudinal studies • mortality • vegetables
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  P. K Myint, R. N Luben, N. J Wareham, S. A Bingham, and K.-T. Khaw Combined effect of health behaviours and risk of first ever stroke in 20 040 men and women over 11 years' follow-up in Norfolk cohort of European Prospective Investigation of Cancer (EPIC Norfolk): prospective population study BMJ, February 19, 2009; 338(feb19_2): b349 - b349. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Iqbal, S. Anand, S. Ounpuu, S. Islam, X. Zhang, S. Rangarajan, J. Chifamba, A. Al-Hinai, M. Keltai, S. Yusuf, et al. Dietary Patterns and the Risk of Acute Myocardial Infarction in 52 Countries: Results of the INTERHEART Study Circulation, November 4, 2008; 118(19): 1929 - 1937. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Nakamura, C. Nagata, S. Oba, N. Takatsuka, and H. Shimizu Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Mortality from Cardiovascular Disease Are Inversely Associated in Japanese Women but Not in Men J. Nutr., June 1, 2008; 138(6): 1129 - 1134. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. J Padayatty and M. Levine Fruit and vegetables: think variety, go ahead, eat! Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, January 1, 2008; 87(1): 5 - 7. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. E. O'Neil and T. A. Nicklas State of the Art Reviews: Relationship Between Diet/ Physical Activity and Health American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, December 1, 2007; 1(6): 457 - 481. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. E Millen, A. F Subar, B. I Graubard, U. Peters, R. B Hayes, J. L Weissfeld, L. A Yokochi, R. G Ziegler, and for the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (P Fruit and vegetable intake and prevalence of colorectal adenoma in a cancer screening trial Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, December 1, 2007; 86(6): 1754 - 1764. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. Wiberg, J. Sundstrom, J. Arnlov, A. Terent, B. Vessby, B. Zethelius, and L. Lind Metabolic Risk Factors for Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attacks in Middle-Aged Men: A Community-Based Study With Long-Term Follow-Up Stroke, December 1, 2006; 37(12): 2898 - 2903. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. B. Goldstein, R. Adams, M. J. Alberts, L. J. Appel, L. M. Brass, C. D. Bushnell, A. Culebras, T. J. DeGraba, P. B. Gorelick, J. R. Guyton, et al. Primary Prevention of Ischemic Stroke: A Guideline From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association Stroke Council: Cosponsored by the Atherosclerotic Peripheral Vascular Disease Interdisciplinary Working Group; Cardiovascular Nursing Council; Clinical Cardiology Council; Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism Council; and the Quality of Care and Outcomes Research Interdisciplinary Working Group: The American Academy of Neurology affirms the value of this guideline. Circulation, June 20, 2006; 113(24): e873 - e923. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. B. Goldstein, R. Adams, M. J. Alberts, L. J. Appel, L. M. Brass, C. D. Bushnell, A. Culebras, T. J. DeGraba, P. B. Gorelick, J. R. Guyton, et al. Primary Prevention of Ischemic Stroke: A Guideline From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association Stroke Council: Cosponsored by the Atherosclerotic Peripheral Vascular Disease Interdisciplinary Working Group; Cardiovascular Nursing Council; Clinical Cardiology Council; Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism Council; and the Quality of Care and Outcomes Research Interdisciplinary Working Group: The American Academy of Neurology affirms the value of this guideline. Stroke, June 1, 2006; 37(6): 1583 - 1633. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. Dauchet, P. Amouyel, and J. Dallongeville Fruit and vegetable consumption and risk of stroke: A meta-analysis of cohort studies Neurology, October 25, 2005; 65(8): 1193 - 1197. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Rafferty, K. M. Davies, and R. P. Heaney Potassium Intake and the Calcium Economy J. Am. Coll. Nutr., April 1, 2005; 24(2): 99 - 106. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Sauvaget, J. Nagano, M. Hayashi, and M. Yamada Animal Protein, Animal Fat, and Cholesterol Intakes and Risk of Cerebral Infarction Mortality in the Adult Health Study Stroke, July 1, 2004; 35(7): 1531 - 1537. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|