Published Online
on November 13, 2003

A more recent version of this article appeared on December 1, 2003

This Article Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: 34/12/2866    most recent 01.STR.0000100166.81077.8Av1 Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Request Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Miyai, I. Articles by Kubota, K. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Miyai, I. Articles by Kubota, K. Pubmed/NCBI databases Medline Plus Health Information Stroke Related Collections Other imaging

Submitted on July 26, 2003
Accepted on August 13, 2003

Longitudinal Optical Imaging Study for Locomotor Recovery After Stroke

Ichiro Miyai MD, PhD^*; Hajime Yagura MD; Megumi Hatakenaka MD; Ichiro Oda PhD; Ichiro Konishi PhD; and Kisou Kubota MD, PhD

From the Neurorehabilitation Research Institute, Bobath Memorial Hospital, Osaka (I.M., H.Y., M.H., K.K.), and Technology Research Laboratory, Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto (I.O., I.K.), Japan.

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: webeo{at}ga2.so-net.ne.jp.

Background and Purpose--We sought to investigate cerebral mechanisms underlying locomotor recovery after stroke.

Methods--We measured cortical activities during hemiparetic gait on the treadmill before and after 2 months of inpatient rehabilitation in 8 patients with initial stroke (5 men, 3 women; 4 with right and 4 with left hemiparesis; aged 57 years; 3 months after stroke on average), using an optical imaging system.

Results--On the initial evaluation, hemiparetic gait was associated with increased oxygenated hemoglobin levels in the medial primary sensorimotor cortex (SMC) that were greater in the unaffected hemisphere than in the affected hemisphere as well as in the premotor cortex (PMC) and supplementary motor area. On the second examination, the asymmetry in SMC activation significantly improved, and there was enhanced PMC activation in the affected hemisphere. Improvement of the asymmetrical SMC activation significantly correlated with improvement of gait parameters.

Conclusions--Locomotor recovery after stroke may be associated with improvement of asymmetry in SMC activation and enhanced PMC activation in the affected hemisphere.

Key words: cerebral cortex • gait • optics • rehabilitation • spectroscopy, near-infrared • stroke

This article has been cited by other articles:

				A. R. Luft, R. F. Macko, L. W. Forrester, F. Villagra, F. Ivey, J. D. Sorkin, J. Whitall, S. McCombe-Waller, L. Katzel, A. P. Goldberg, et al. Treadmill Exercise Activates Subcortical Neural Networks and Improves Walking After Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial Stroke, December 1, 2008; 39(12): 3341 - 3350. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. J. MacIntosh, W. E. McIlroy, R. Mraz, W. R. Staines, S. E. Black, and S. J. Graham Electrodermal Recording and fMRI to Inform Sensorimotor Recovery in Stroke Patients Neurorehabil Neural Repair, November 1, 2008; 22(6): 728 - 736. [Abstract] [PDF]

				J. R Carey Invited commentary. Physical Therapy, December 1, 2007; 87(12): 1603 - 1605. [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. S.M. Ng and C. W.Y. Hui-Chan Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation Combined With Task-Related Training Improves Lower Limb Functions in Subjects With Chronic Stroke Stroke, November 1, 2007; 38(11): 2953 - 2959. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. C. Cramer, T. B. Parrish, R. M. Levy, G. T. Stebbins, S. D. Ruland, D. W. Lowry, T. P. Trouard, S. W. Squire, M. E. Weinand, C. R. Savage, et al. Predicting Functional Gains in a Stroke Trial Stroke, July 1, 2007; 38(7): 2108 - 2114. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M Pohl, C Werner, M Holzgraefe, G Kroczek, I Wingendorf, G Hoolig, R Koch, and S Hesse Repetitive locomotor training and physiotherapy improve walking and basic activities of daily living after stroke: a single-blind, randomized multicentre trial (DEutsche GAngtrainerStudie, DEGAS) Clinical Rehabilitation, January 1, 2007; 21(1): 17 - 27. [Abstract] [PDF]

				N. Dancause Vicarious Function of Remote Cortex following Stroke: Recent Evidence from Human and Animal Studies Neuroscientist, December 1, 2006; 12(6): 489 - 499. [Abstract] [PDF]

				Y. Murata, K. Sakatani, T. Hoshino, N. Fujiwara, T. Kano, S. Nakamura, and Y. Katayama Effects of Cerebral Ischemia on Evoked Cerebral Blood Oxygenation Responses and BOLD Contrast Functional MRI in Stroke Patients Stroke, October 1, 2006; 37(10): 2514 - 2520. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y. H. Kim, S. H. You, Y. H. Kwon, M. Hallett, J. H. Kim, and S. H. Jang Longitudinal fMRI study for locomotor recovery in patients with stroke. Neurology, July 25, 2006; 67(2): 330 - 333. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Cicinelli, B. Marconi, M. Zaccagnini, P. Pasqualetti, M. M. Filippi, and P. M. Rossini Imagery-induced Cortical Excitability Changes in Stroke: A Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Study Cereb Cortex, February 1, 2006; 16(2): 247 - 253. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N S Ward Mechanisms underlying recovery of motor function after stroke Postgrad. Med. J., August 1, 2005; 81(958): 510 - 514. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. H. You, S. H. Jang, Y.-H. Kim, M. Hallett, S. H. Ahn, Y.-H. Kwon, J. H. Kim, and M. Y. Lee Virtual Reality-Induced Cortical Reorganization and Associated Locomotor Recovery in Chronic Stroke: An Experimenter-Blind Randomized Study Stroke, June 1, 2005; 36(6): 1166 - 1171. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J.-C. Baron and S. Warach Imaging Stroke, February 1, 2005; 36(2): 196 - 199. [Full Text] [PDF]