Published Online
on November 13, 2003

A more recent version of this article appeared on December 1, 2003

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Submitted on July 3, 2003
Accepted on August 25, 2003

Functional Outcome of Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke Patients After Inpatient Rehabilitation. A Matched Comparison

Stefano Paolucci MD^*; Gabriella Antonucci PhD; Maria Grazia Grasso MD, PhD; Maura Bragoni MD, PhD; Paola Coiro MD; Domenico De Angelis MD; Francesca Romana Fusco MD; Daniela Morelli MD; Vincenzo Venturiero MD, PhD; Elio Troisi MD; and Luca Pratesi MD

From Fondazione I.R.C.C.S. Santa Lucia (S.P., G.A., M.G.G., M.B., P.C., D. De A., F.R.F., D.M., V.V., E.T., L.P.), and Department of Psychology, University of Rome "La Sapienza" (G.A.), Rome, Italy.

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: s.paolucci{at}hsantalucia.it.

Background and Purpose--The goal of this study was to assess the specific influence of stroke etiology on rehabilitation results.

Methods--This was a case-control study of 270 inpatients with sequelae of first stroke who were enrolled in homogeneous subgroups and matched for stroke severity, basal disability, age (within 1 year), sex, and onset admission interval (within 3 days) who were different only in terms of stroke origin, infarction versus hemorrhage. We compared the groups’ length of stay, efficiency and effectiveness of treatment, and percentage of low and high responder patients. Odds ratios of dropouts and of low and high therapeutic response were also quantified.

Results--Compared with ischemic patients, hemorrhagic patients had significantly higher Canadian Neurological Scale and Rivermead Mobility Index scores at discharge; higher effectiveness and efficiency on the Canadian Neurological Scale, Barthel Index, and Rivermead Mobility Index; and a higher percentage of high responders on the Barthel Index. Hemorrhagic patients showed a probability of a high therapeutic response on the Barthel Index that was 2.5 times greater than that of ischemic patients (odds ratio, 2.48; 95% confidence interval, 1.19 to 5.20; accuracy on prediction, 87.06%).

Conclusions--The results of this study provide further evidence of better functional prognosis in stroke survivors with hemorrhagic stroke.

Key words: measures, outcome • rehabilitation • stroke

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