on June 3, 2004
Published online before print June 3, 2004, doi: 10.1161/01.STR.0000131746.49082.5c
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Submitted on March 5, 2004
From the Institute of Community Medicine (B.K.J.), University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway; the Department of Mathematics (I.H.) and Center for International Health (G.K.), University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: bjarne.jacobsen{at}ism.uit.no.
Background and Purpose--Young age at natural menopause has been related to increased cardiovascular mortality, but few studies have examined the relationship with stroke risk specifically. Methods--In a cohort of 19 731 Norwegian women, we analyzed the relationship between age at natural menopause and stroke mortality. A total of 3561 women died of stroke during the 37-year follow-up from 1961 through 1997. Smoking prevalence was low in the underlying population, and use of hormone replacement therapy was very rare. Results--No significant linear relationship was found between age at menopause and stroke mortality. A 3-year increase in age at menopause was associated with a 1.0% estimated increase in stroke mortality (95% CI, -1.5, 3.6). No relationships were found for ischemic strokes (271 deaths) or hemorrhagic strokes (389 deaths) when considering the stroke deaths with sufficient information on death certificates. The estimate of the association between age at natural menopause and stroke mortality was hardly influenced by mortality in women with very early (aged <40 years) or late (aged >55 years) menopause, or by a number of possible confounding variables. Conclusions--Age at natural menopause is essentially unrelated to stroke mortality.
Revised on April 5, 2004
Accepted on April 14, 2004
Age at Natural Menopause and Stroke Mortality. Cohort Study With 3561 Stroke Deaths During 37-Year Follow-Up
Bjarne K. Jacobsen PhD*;
Key words: epidemiology • menopause • mortality • stroke • postmenopause • prospective studies
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