Published Online
on May 5, 2005

A more recent version of this article appeared on June 1, 2005

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Submitted on January 25, 2005
Accepted on January 31, 2005

Recurrent Stroke Risk Is Higher Than Cardiac Event Risk After Initial Stroke/Transient Ischemic Attack

Devin L. Brown MD^*; Lynda D. Lisabeth PhD; Canopy Roychoudhury PhD; Yining Ye MS; and Lewis B. Morgenstern MD

From the Stroke Program (D.L.B., L.D.L., L.B.M.), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich; the Michigan Peer Review Organization (MPRO) (C.R.), Farmington Hills, Mich; the University of Michigan School of Public Health (Y.Y.), Ann Arbor, Mich.

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: devinb{at} umich.edu.

Background and Purpose--Patients with ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA) are at risk for recurrent cerebrovascular and cardiac events. Understanding which of these adverse events is more likely to occur next is instructive for preventive therapy planning.

Methods--Subjects (n=1923) were identified from a sample of hospital discharges from administrative claims for the Michigan Medicare population from January 2001 to June 2001 using International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision codes for ischemic stroke/TIA. Outcomes (cardiac events, myocardial infarction [MI], percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty [PTCA], coronary artery bypass grafting [CABG] and ischemic strokes) were identified for 2001 to 2003. Comparison between cardiac and stroke as secondary events were made using cumulative incidence estimates.

Results--Over the follow-up period, 172 patients had a cardiac event (62.8% MI, 7.6% CABG, 14.5% PTCA, 9.3% MI and PTCA, and 5.8% MI and CABG) and 239 had a stroke as their first event. Cardiac event at 2 years had occurred in 7.7%, and stroke occurred in 11.8%.

Conclusion--The risk of stroke after initial stroke/TIA is higher than the risk of cardiac events. The propensity after stroke/TIA to have the first recurrent ischemic event in the brain, rather than in the heart, has implications for prophylactic therapy selection.

Key words: cerebrovascular diseases • ischemic attack, transient • stroke

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