Published Online
on November 22, 2006

A more recent version of this article appeared on January 1, 2007

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Submitted on September 5, 2006
Accepted on September 22, 2006

Endovascular Treatment of Experimental Aneurysms by Use of Fibroblast-Coated Platinum Coils. An Angiographic and Histopathologic Study

Daying Dai MD; Yong Hong Ding MD; Mark A. Danielson PhD; Ramanathan Kadirvel PhD; Larry W. Hunter MS; Wen-Zhi Zhan MD; Gregory A. Helm MD, PhD; Debra A. Lewis PhD; Harry J. Cloft MD; Gary C. Sieck PhD; and David F. Kallmes MD^*

From the Neuroradiology Research Laboratory (D.D., Y.H.D., M.A.D., R.K., D.A.L., H.J.C., D.F.K.), Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn; the Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering (L.W.H., W.-Z.Z., G.C.S.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn; and the Department of Neurosurgery (G.A.H.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va.

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: kallmes.david©mayo.edu.

Background and Purpose--The purpose of this study was to determine whether implanting exogenous fibroblasts on platinum coils could enhance intra-aneurysmal fibrosis. Hypotheses included: (1) fibroblast-coated (FBC) platinum coils can improve angiographic results after embolization; and (2) FBC platinum coils can accelerate histological healing of embolized aneurysms.

Methods--Experimental aneurysms in rabbits were embolized with control platinum coils (n=18) or FBC coils (n=18). Subjects were euthanized at 14 days, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after implantation. Digital subtraction angiography was used to evaluate stability after embolization. Histological samples were examined with a grading system (range, 0 to 12) based on neck and dome healing.

Results--Histology total scores and fibrosis ratio at 14 days were significantly greater in the FBC coil group compared with controls (6.6±1.9 versus 2.5±1.1, 1.2±0.6% versus 0.2±0.3%, respectively; P=0.0090). Cavities embolized with FBC coils showed cellular proliferation and thrombus organization, with an endothelialized membrane bridging the neck. There were no differences between groups in the later timepoints. The FBC coil group showed radiographic stability in 11 (61%) cases, coil compaction in 2 (11%) cases, and progressive occlusion in 5 (28%) cases. No progressive occlusion was seen in controls; 3 (17%) of 18 control cases exhibited coil compaction (P=0.0546).

Conclusions--FBC coils can accelerate early histological healing compared with control coils in the rabbit aneurysm model.

Key words: angiography • experimental aneurysm • fibroblast coated coil • histology • rabbit

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