This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Request Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Nishide, M. Articles by Tsuji, K. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Nishide, M. Articles by Tsuji, K.

Stroke, Vol 14, 541-545, Copyright © 1983 by American Heart Association

ARTICLES

Cardiac abnormalities in ischemic cerebrovascular disease studied by two-dimensional echocardiography

M Nishide, T Irino, M Gotoh, M Naka and K Tsuji

In the study of cardiac abnormalities responsible for the development of cerebral embolism two-dimensional echocardiography was performed on 350 patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease. The results were compared with those obtained from 350 controls without any history of stroke. Atrial fibrillation was detected on ECG in 115 cases (33%) of the patients and in 35 cases (10%) of the controls (p less than 0.001). The structural cardiac diseases observed in stroke patients were: rheumatic heart disease (RHD) in 37, congestive cardiomyopathy (CCM) in 7, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in 19, mitral annulus calcification (MAC) in 29, mitral valve prolapse (MVP) in 9, and myocardial infarction (MyI) in 10 patients. Controls were found to have these lesions in 11, 2, 3, 12, 4 and 9 patients respectively. RHD (p less than 0.001), HCM (p less than 0.01) and MAC (p less than 0.01) were significantly more frequent in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease, but not MyI, CCM or MVP. Intracardiac thrombi were diagnosed in 29 cases of patients and in 4 cases of controls (p less than 0.001). Our data suggested that nonrheumatic heart diseases such as MAC and HCM could also be considered as causes of embolic stroke. The reasons for the variable frequencies of cardiac abnormalities reported in the literature for stroke patients are discussed.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				R. T. Meenan, S. Saha, R. Chou, K. Swarztrauber, K. Pyle Krages, M. C. O'Keeffe-Rosetti, M. McDonagh, B. K. S. Chan, M. C. Hornbrook, and M. Helfand Cost-Effectiveness of Echocardiography to Identify Intracardiac Thrombus among Patients with First Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack Med Decis Making, March 1, 2007; 27(2): 161 - 177. [Abstract] [PDF]

				M. K. Kapral and F. L. Silver Preventive health care, 1999 update: 2. Echocardiography for the detection of a cardiac source of embolus in patients with stroke Can. Med. Assoc. J., October 1, 1999; 161(8): 989 - 996. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y. Adler, A. Koren, N. Fink, D. Tanne, R. Fusman, A. Assali, J. Yahav, A. Zelikovski, and A. Sagie Association Between Mitral Annulus Calcification and Carotid Atherosclerotic Disease Stroke, September 1, 1998; 29(9): 1833 - 1837. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. Y. H. Lip, A. Rumley, F. G. Dunn, and G. D. O. Lowe Thrombogenesis in Mitral Regurgitation and Aortic Stenosis Angiology, December 1, 1996; 47(12): 1117 - 1125. [Abstract] [PDF]

				J. H. Stein and J. S. Soble Thrombus Associated With Mitral Valve Calcification : A Possible Mechanism for Embolic Stroke Stroke, September 1, 1995; 26(9): 1697 - 1699. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				I. Starkey and C. Warlow The Secondary Prevention of Stroke in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Arch Neurol, January 1, 1986; 43(1): 66 - 68. [Abstract] [PDF]

				Cerebral Embolism Task Force Cardiogenic Brain Embolism Arch Neurol, January 1, 1986; 43(1): 71 - 84. [Abstract] [PDF]