This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Request Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Ginsberg, M. D. Articles by Watson, B. D. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Ginsberg, M. D. Articles by Watson, B. D.

Stroke, Vol 18, 570-574, Copyright © 1987 by American Heart Association

ARTICLES

Hyperglycemia reduces the extent of cerebral infarction in rats

MD Ginsberg, R Prado, WD Dietrich, R Busto and BD Watson

Although hyperglycemia is known to exacerbate neuronal injury in the setting of reversible brain ischemia, its effect on irreversible thrombotic infarction is less well understood. In this study, unilateral thrombotic infarction was induced photochemically in the parietal cortex of Wistar rats. Seven days later, brains were perfusion- fixed for light microscopy. Infarct areas were measured by computer- assisted planimetry on multiple coronal sections at 250-micron intervals; these data were integrated to yield infarct volumes. Fasted, normoglycemic rats were compared with hyperglycemic rats that had received 1.2-1.5 ml of 50% dextrose i.p. 15 minutes prior to the induction of infarction. Infarct volume averaged 12.5 +/- 4.0 mm3 (mean +/- SD) in rats (n = 14) with plasma glucose levels of 72-184 mg/dl; this differed statistically from the average volume of 9.3 +/- 3.3 mm3 observed in rats (n = 13) with elevated plasma glucose (range 264-607 mg/dl). Spearman rank correlation analysis confirmed a significant correlation of larger infarct volumes with lower plasma glucose levels. In contrast, rats receiving mannitol i.p. to produce an osmotic load comparable with that of the dextrose-pretreated animals showed larger infarct volumes than saline-treated controls. The small but definite beneficial effect of hyperglycemia in this end-arteriolar thrombotic infarction model is possibly attributable to improved local energy metabolism at the periphery of the lesion during the early period of lesion expansion.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				M. Uyttenboogaart, M. W. Koch, R. E. Stewart, P. C. Vroomen, G.-J. Luijckx, and J. De Keyser Moderate hyperglycaemia is associated with favourable outcome in acute lacunar stroke Brain, June 1, 2007; 130(6): 1626 - 1630. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. S Lewis, S. L Kane-Gill, M. B. Bobek, and J. F Dasta Intensive Insulin Therapy for Critically Ill Patients Ann. Pharmacother., July 1, 2004; 38(7): 1243 - 1251. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Clement, S. S. Braithwaite, M. F. Magee, A. Ahmann, E. P. Smith, R. G. Schafer, and I. B. Hirsch Management of Diabetes and Hyperglycemia in Hospitals Diabetes Care, February 1, 2004; 27(2): 553 - 591. [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. A. Baird, M. W. Parsons, T. Phanh, K. S. Butcher, P. M. Desmond, B. M. Tress, P. G. Colman, B. R. Chambers, and S. M. Davis Persistent Poststroke Hyperglycemia Is Independently Associated With Infarct Expansion and Worse Clinical Outcome Stroke, September 1, 2003; 34(9): 2208 - 2214. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Bruno, S. R. Levine, M. R. Frankel, T. G. Brott, Y. Lin, B. C. Tilley, P. D. Lyden, J. P. Broderick, T. G. Kwiatkowski, and S. E. Fineberg Admission glucose level and clinical outcomes in the NINDS rt-PA Stroke Trial Neurology, September 10, 2002; 59(5): 669 - 674. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G.-F. Tian and A. J. Baker Protective Effect of High Glucose Against Ischemia-Induced Synaptic Transmission Damage in Rat Hippocampal Slices J Neurophysiol, July 1, 2002; 88(1): 236 - 248. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Sugino, K. Nozaki, Y. Takagi, I. Hattori, N. Hashimoto, T. Moriguchi, and E. Nishida Activation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases after Transient Forebrain Ischemia in Gerbil Hippocampus J. Neurosci., June 15, 2000; 20(12): 4506 - 4514. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Y. Seo, E. Y. Kim, H. Kim, and B. J. Gwag Neuroprotective Effect of High Glucose Against NMDA, Free Radical, and Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation through Enhanced Mitochondrial Potentials J. Neurosci., October 15, 1999; 19(20): 8849 - 8855. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. F. Scott, G. M. Robinson, J. M. French, J. E. O'Connell, K.G.M.M. Alberti, and C. S. Gray Glucose Potassium Insulin Infusions in the Treatment of Acute Stroke Patients With Mild to Moderate Hyperglycemia : The Glucose Insulin in Stroke Trial (GIST) Stroke, April 1, 1999; 30(4): 793 - 799. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. M. Demchuk, L. B. Morgenstern, D. W. Krieger, T. Linda Chi, W. Hu, T. H. Wein, R. J. Hardy, J. C. Grotta, and A. M. Buchan Serum Glucose Level and Diabetes Predict Tissue Plasminogen Activator–Related Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Acute Ischemic Stroke Stroke, January 1, 1999; 30(1): 34 - 39. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Bruno, J. Biller, H. P. Adams Jr., W. R. Clarke, R. F. Woolson, L. S. Williams, and M. D. Hansen Acute blood glucose level and outcome from ischemic stroke Neurology, January 1, 1999; 52(2): 280 - 280. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				J. Koistinaho, S. Pasonen, J. Yrjanheikki, P. H. Chan, and C. Iadecola Spreading Depression–Induced Gene Expression Is Regulated by Plasma Glucose • Editorial Comment Stroke, January 1, 1999; 30(1): 114 - 119. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. E. Anderson, W. K. Tan, H. S. Martin, F. B. Meyer, and P. D. Hurn Effects of Glucose and PaO2 Modulation on Cortical Intracellular Acidosis, NADH Redox State, and Infarction in the Ischemic Penumbra • Editorial Comment Stroke, January 1, 1999; 30(1): 160 - 170. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Kittaka, L. Wang, N. Sun, S. S. Schreiber, N. W. Seeds, M. Fisher, and B. V. Zlokovic Brain Capillary Tissue Plasminogen Activator in a Diabetes Stroke Model Stroke, April 1, 1996; 27(4): 712 - 719. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				L. Regli, R. E. Anderson, and F. B. Meyer Effects of Intermittent Reperfusion on Brain pHi, rCBF, and NADH During Rabbit Focal Cerebral Ischemia Stroke, August 1, 1995; 26(8): 1444 - 1452. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				H. Henon, O. Godefroy, D. Leys, F. Mounier-Vehier, C. Lucas, P. Rondepierre, A. Duhamel, and J. P. Pruvo Early Predictors of Death and Disability After Acute Cerebral Ischemic Event Stroke, March 1, 1995; 26(3): 392 - 398. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				D. B. Matchar, G. W. Divine, A. Heyman, and J. R. Feussner The Influence of Hyperglycemia on Outcome of Cerebral Infarction Ann Intern Med, September 15, 1992; 117(6): 449 - 456. [Abstract] [PDF]