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Stroke, Vol 23, 69-74, Copyright © 1992 by American Heart Association

ARTICLES

Effect of 33% xenon inhalation on whole-brain blood flow and metabolism in awake and fentanyl-anesthetized monkeys

LP Yao, J Bandres, EM Nemoto, JR Boston, JM Darby and H Yonas
Department of Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pa 15261.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Despite the documented diagnostic value of local cerebral blood flow maps by xenon-enhanced computed tomography, reports of cerebral blood flow activation by inhaled 33% Xe raised concerns about the method's safety and accuracy. We evaluated the effect of 33% Xe inhalation on cerebral blood flow and cerebral metabolic rates for oxygen and glucose in four awake and six fentanyl- anesthetized rhesus monkeys. METHODS: Platinum microelectrodes and catheters in the torcular Herophili were used to measure cerebral blood flow by hydrogen clearance, and oxygen and glucose concentrations. Cerebral variables were measured after 5 and 35 minutes of exposure to room air followed randomly by 67% O2 in 33% N2 or Xe. Five- and 35- minute measurements were combined because the duration of exposure had no effect. RESULTS: In awake monkeys, 33% Xe compared with 33% N2 reduced (p less than 0.05) cerebral blood flow from 75 +/- 12 to 66 +/- 9 (mean +/- SD) ml.100 g-1.min-1 and oxygen consumption from 6.1 +/- 0.7 to 5.1 +/- 0.6 ml.100 g-1.min-1. In fentanyl-anesthetized monkeys, cerebral variables during 33% N2 versus 33% Xe were cerebral blood flow, 84 +/- 26 versus 79 +/- 23 ml.100 g-1.min-1; oxygen consumption, 5.0 +/- 0.7 versus 4.9 +/- 0.5 ml.100 g-1.min-1; and glucose consumption, 8.4 +/- 1.9 versus 7.9 +/- 2.0 mg.100 g-1.min-1. CONCLUSIONS: In awake monkeys, 33% Xe reduced rather than activated cerebral blood flow and oxygen consumption by 12% and 16%, respectively; it had no effect in fentanyl-anesthetized monkeys.

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