Stroke, Vol 23, 733-738, Copyright © 1992 by American Heart Association
TR Ridenour, DS Warner, MM Todd and AC McAllister
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Mild hypothermia (32-35 degrees C) has been
repeatedly shown in laboratory models to reduce damage resulting from
global cerebral ischemic insults. Little information is available, however,
regarding the protective potential of mild hypothermia against focal
ischemia. We designed the present study to determine whether mild
hypothermia influences outcome from either temporary or permanent middle
cerebral artery occlusion in the rat. METHODS: In experiment 1 (permanent
occlusion), mechanically ventilated, halothane-anesthetized spontaneously
hypertensive rats underwent permanent ligation of the middle cerebral
artery. Pericranial temperature was maintained at either 37 degrees C (n =
11) or 33 degrees C (n = 11) during the first 2 hours of occlusion. In
experiment 2 (temporary occlusion), the vessel was occluded for 1 hour
only. Pericranial temperature was controlled at either 37 degrees C (n =
12) or 33 degrees C (n = 14) during ischemia and for 1 hour after
reperfusion. In both experiments, the rats were allowed to recover, with
neurological function scored at 24 and 96 hours after onset of ischemia.
Cerebral infarct volume (as determined by nitro blue tetrazolium staining)
was planimetrically evaluated 96 hours after onset of ischemia. RESULTS: No
difference in infarct volume was observed between groups undergoing
permanent occlusion (177 +/- 53 mm3 for 37 degrees C rats, 167 +/- 71 mm3
for 33 degrees C rats [mean +/- SD]). Although neurologic function
correlated with infarct volume at 96 hours (all animals in experiment 1
combined; p less than 0.01), we were unable to demonstrate an intergroup
difference in function. In animals undergoing temporary occlusion, mean +/-
SD infarct volume was 48% less in the hypothermic group (89 +/- 54 mm3 for
37 degrees C, 46 +/- 31 mm3 for 33 degrees C; p less than 0.03).
Neurological function again correlated with infarct size (p less than
0.02), but improvement in function approached significance for the
hypothermic group (p less than 0.06) at 24 hours after reperfusion only.
CONCLUSIONS: Benefits from mild hypothermia may be obtained under
conditions of temporary but not permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion
in the rat.
ARTICLES
Mild hypothermia reduces infarct size resulting from temporary but not permanent focal ischemia in rats
Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242.
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