Stroke, Vol 25, 2215-2219, Copyright © 1994 by American Heart Association
L Hantson, W De Weerdt, J De Keyser, HC Diener, C Franke, R Palm, M Van Orshoven, H Schoonderwalt, N De Klippel and L Herroelen
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: For detecting therapeutic effect and matching of
treatment groups in stroke trials, a scale that meets the clinimetric
criteria is of the utmost importance. METHODS: The European Stroke Scale
consists of 14 items selected for their specificity and their prognostic
value. It is designed for patients with middle cerebral artery stroke.
Interrater reliability, internal consistency, and time for completion were
investigated in 74 patients. Intrarater reliability was studied in 38
patients. To establish concurrent validity, two trials were performed in 20
and 44 patients. The scale was correlated with the MCA Neurological Scale,
the Canadian Stroke Scale, the Scandinavian Stroke Scale, the Barthel
Index, and the Rankin Scale. Correlations were calculated by means of
Spearman's correlation coefficient. The trial in 44 patients also
investigated the prognostic validity of the scale for 1-month and 8-month
neurological, functional, and handicap status. These data were analyzed by
linear regression. RESULTS: Interrater (kappa value range, 0.62 to 0.85)
and intrarater (kappa value range, 0.65 to 1.00) reliability for each item
was good, and internal consistency was excellent (Cronbach's alpha
coefficient, 0.92). Mean time for completion was 8.2 minutes (range, 4 to
14 minutes). Correlations of the European Stroke Scale with other
neurological scales ranged from 0.93 to 0.95. The correlation with the
Barthel Index and the Rankin Scale was 0.84 and -0.86. The R2 values for
prognostic validity ranged from 0.45 to 0.81 (P < or = .0001).
CONCLUSIONS: The European Stroke Scale has been developed according to the
clinimetric criteria.
ARTICLES
The European Stroke Scale
FLOK, Laboratory of Neuromotor Rehabilitation, Katholieke Universiteit leuven, Belgium.
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