(Stroke. 1997;28:2195-2200.)
© 1997 American Heart Association, Inc.
Articles |
A New Automated Computerized Analyzing System Simplifies Readings and Reduces the Variability in Ultrasound Measurement of Intima-Media Thickness
From the Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular Research, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg University (I.W., J.W.), and the Department of Applied Electronics, Chalmers University of Technology (Q.L., T.G.), Gothenburg, Sweden.
Correspondence to Inger Wendelhag, Wallenberg Laboratory, Fack 16, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, S-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden. E-mail inger.wendelhag{at}wlab.wall.gu.se
Background and Purpose A computerized analyzing system with manual tracing of echo interfaces for measurement of intima-media thickness and lumen diameter in carotid and femoral arteries was previously developed by our research group and has been used for many years in several laboratories. However, manual measurements are not only time consuming, but the results from these readings are also dependent on training and subjective judgement. A further problem is the observed drift in measurements over time. A new computerized technique for automatic detection of echo interfaces was therefore developed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the new automated computerized analyzing system.
Methods The new system is based on dynamic programming and includes optional interactive modification by the human operator. Local measurements of vessel echo intensity, intensity gradient, and boundary continuity are extracted by image analysis techniques and included as weighed terms in a cost function. The dynamic programming procedure is used for determining the optimal location of the vessel interfaces in a way that the cost function is minimized.
Results With the new automated computerized analyzing system the measurement results were less dependent on the reader's experience, and the variability between readers was less compared with the old manual analyzing system. The measurements were also less time consuming.
Conclusions The new automated analyzing system will not only greatly increase the speed of measurements but also reduce the variability between readers. It should also reduce the variability between different laboratories if the same analyzing program is used. Furthermore, the new system will probably prevent the problem with drift in measurements over time.
Key Words: atherosclerosis • ultrasonics • carotid arteries • computer-assisted image processing
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