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(Stroke. 2005;36:532.)
© 2005 American Heart Association, Inc.

Letters to the Editor

Glucose Metabolism, Noradrenaline Release, and MK-801 in Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Kazushi Tsuda, MD, FAHA Ichiro Nishio, MD

Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan.

An extract of the first 250 words of the full text is provided, because this article has no abstract.

To the Editor:

We read with great interest the article by Ardizzone et al¹ dealing with the glutamate receptor blockade and glucose metabolism in the experimental intracerebral hemorrhage in rats. The results of their study demonstrated that deoxyglucose uptake was increased in the perihematomal region in rats. In addition, they indicated that the glucose uptake produced by the hemorrhages was blocked by pretreatment of the glutamate receptor antagonists MK-801 and NBQX. The authors proposed that glutamate activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) or -amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors increased glucose hypermetabolism in perihematomal brain after intracerebral hemorrhage, which may partially contribute to the pathophysiology of this disease.

Several studies have shown the mechanisms for neuroprotective effects of MK-801 in the central nervous system. In a study we presented earlier, changes in noradrenaline (NA) release evoked by L-glutamate was investigated in rat central nervous system.² In an in vitro study, we showed that L-glutamate increased the release of NA from rat medulla oblongata, and further observed that the facilitative effect of L-glutamate on NA release was more pronounced in spontaneously hypertensive rats than in normotensive rats. In addition, it was demonstrated that MK-801 significantly reserved the increase in NA release evoked by L-glutamate. It might be possible that extracellular glutamate accumulation in the brain after hemorrhage may be attributable to the increased release of NA in the damaged regions. It was already shown that NA might stimulate glycogenolysis, enhance glucose uptake, and increase glucose utilization in the . . . [Full Text of this Article]