Published online before print July 14, 2005, doi: 10.1161/01.STR.0000174289.34110.b0
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(Stroke. 2005;36:1796.)
© 2005 American Heart Association, Inc.
Research Report |
Intensive Treatment With Atorvastatin Reduces Inflammation in Mononuclear Cells and Human Atherosclerotic Lesions in One Month
From the Vascular Research Laboratory (J.L.M.-V., L.M.B.-C., A.G.-H., B.M.-G., J.E.) and Department of Cardiology (J.T.), Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autónoma University, Madrid, Spain; the Departments of Vascular Surgery (M.V., J.S.) and Pathology (L.O.), Hospital Clínico de San Carlos, Complutense University; and R&D Department (G.H.), Medical Division, Pfizer, Madrid, Spain.
Correspondence to Jesús Egido, MD, Vascular Research Laboratory. Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Avenida Reyes Católicos 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain. E-mail jegido{at}fjd.es
Background and Purpose— To investigate the effect of short-term high-dose atorvastatin on blood and plaque inflammation in patients with carotid stenosis.
Methods— Twenty patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy without previous statin treatment were randomized to receive either atorvastatin 80 mg/d (n=11) or no statins (n=9) for 1 month. We studied inflammatory mediators in plasma (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs; quantitative RT-PCR and EMSA) and plaques (immunohistochemistry and Southwestern histochemistry).
Results— Atorvastatin significantly decreased total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and prostaglandin E2 plasma levels. PBMCs from treated patients showed impaired NF-
B activation and MCP-1 and COX-2 mRNA expression. Carotid atherosclerotic plaques demonstrated a significant reduction in macrophage infiltration, activated NF-B, and COX-2 and MCP-1 expression.
Conclusions— Intensive treatment with atorvastatin decreases inflammatory activity of PBMCs and carotid atherosclerotic plaques in 1 month. These data strongly suggest that the antiinflammatory effect of high doses of statins in humans can be seen very early.
Key Words: atherosclerosis • blood • carotid arteries • inflammation
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