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(Stroke. 2006;37:929.)
© 2006 American Heart Association, Inc.

Cochrane Corner

Prevention and Treatment of Urinary Incontinence After Stroke in Adults

Graeme J. Hankey, MD, FRCP, Section Editor:; Lois H. Thomas, PhD; James Barrett, MD; Stephen Cross, BSc (Hons); Beverley French, PhD; Michael Leathley, PhD; Christopher Sutton, PhD Caroline Watkins, PhD

From the Department of Nursing (L.H.T., B.F., M.L., C.S., C.W.), University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK; Clatterbridge Hospital (J.B.), Bebington, Wirral, Merseyside, UK; and Hope Hospital (S.C.), Clinical Sciences Building, Stott Lane, Manchester, UK.

Correspondence to Dr Lois Thomas, Department of Nursing, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE UK. E-mail lhthomas@uclan.ac.uk

Key Words: cerebrovascular accident • urinary incontinence

An extract of the first 250 words of the full text is provided, because this article has no abstract.

	Introduction

 
Urinary incontinence can affect 40% to 60% of people admitted to hospital after a stroke, with 25% still having problems on hospital discharge and 15% remaining incontinent at 1 year.

	Objectives

 
The objective of the review was to determine the optimal methods for prevention and treatment of urinary incontinence after stroke in adults.

	Search Strategy

 
We searched the Cochrane Incontinence and Stroke Groups specialized registers (searched December 15, 2004 and October 26, 2004, respectively), CINAHL (January 1982 to November 2004), national and international trial databases for unpublished data, and the reference lists of relevant articles.

	Selection Criteria

 
Randomized or quasi-randomized controlled trials evaluating the effects of interventions designed to promote continence in people after stroke.

	Data Collection and Analysis

 
Data extraction and quality assessment were undertaken by 2 reviewers working independently. Disagreements were resolved by a third reviewer.

	Main Results

 
Seven trials with a total of 399 participants were included in the review. Participants were from a mixture of settings, age groups, and phases of stroke recovery. No 2 trials addressed the same comparison.

Four trials tested an intervention against usual care, including acupuncture, timed voiding, and 2 types of specialist professional intervention. One crossover trial tested an intervention (estrogen) against placebo. One trial tested a specific intervention (oxybutynin) against another intervention (timed voiding), and 1 trial tested a combined intervention (sensory-motor biofeedback plus timed voiding) against a single component intervention (timed voiding alone).

Reported data were insufficient to evaluate acupuncture or timed voiding versus usual care, oxybutynin versus timed voiding, or sensory motor biofeedback plus timed voiding versus usual care. . . . [Full Text of this Article]