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(Stroke. 2008;39:2470.)
© 2008 American Heart Association, Inc.

Original Contributions

Carotid Intima Media Thickness and Plaques Can Predict the Occurrence of Ischemic Cerebrovascular Events

Patrizio Prati, MD; Alberto Tosetto, MD; Diego Vanuzzo, MD; Giovanni Bader, MD; Marco Casaroli, MD; Luigi Canciani, MD; Sergio Castellani, MD Pierre-Jean Touboul, MD

From the Neurology Department (P.P., M.C.), "Gervasutta" Hospital ASS 4, Udine, Italy; the Hematology Department (A.T.), S. Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy; the Cardiovascular Prevention Centre ASS 4 (D.V., G.B.), Udine, Italy; the Regional Educational Center for GP Region Friuli Venezia Giulia (CEFORMED) Monfalcone (GO) (L.C.), Italy; the Angiology Department (S.C.), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; and the Neurology Department (P.-J.T.), Bichat University Hospital, Paris, France.

Correspondence to Patrizio Prati, Neurology Department, Gervasutta Hospital, Via Gervasutta 48, ASS n° 4 "Medio Friuli," 33100 Udine, Italy. E-mail patrizio.prati{at}tin.it

Background and Purpose— The clinical usefulness of noninvasive measurement of carotid intima media thickness and plaque visualization in the general population is still uncertain.

Methods— We evaluated the age-specific incidence rates of cerebrovascular events in a cohort of 1348 subjects randomly taken from the census list of San Daniele Township and followed for a mean period of 12.7 years. The association among common carotid intima media thickness, measured at baseline, arterial risk factors, and incidence of ischemic cerebrovascular events was modeled using Poisson regression. The predictive ability of common carotid intima media thickness over arterial risk factors (summarized in the Framingham Stroke Risk Score) was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.

Results— During the follow-up, 115 subjects developed nonfatal ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack, or vascular death, which were the predefined study end points. After adjustment for age and sex, hypertension, diabetes, common carotid intima media thickness above 1 mm, and carotid plaques were all independent risk factors for development of vascular events. Inclusion of carotid findings (presence of common carotid intima media thickness above 1 mm or carotid plaques) resulted in a predictive power higher than Framingham Stroke Risk Score alone only on for those subjects with a Framingham Stroke Risk Score over 20%.

Conclusions— Although common carotid intima media thickness and presence of carotid plaques are known to be risk factors for the development of vascular events and to be independent from the conventional risk factors summarized in the Framingham Stroke Risk Score, their contribution to individual risk prediction is limited. Further studies will be required to address the role of carotid ultrasonography in the primary prevention of high-risk subjects.

Key Words: asymptomatic carotid stenosis • carotid intimal medial thickness • carotid ultrasound • cerebrovascular disease • prevention • public policy

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