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Original Contribution

Correlation of Large Artery Intracranial Occlusive Disease With Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Presence of Carotid Plaque

Xin Yi Leng, Xiang Yan Chen, Ping Chook, Li Xiong, Wen Hua Lin, Jing Yi Liu, Brian Tomlinson, G. Neil Thomas, Tai Hing Lam, Karen S.L. Lam, Bernard M.Y. Cheung, Ka Sing Wong
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https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.112.675652
Stroke. 2012;STROKEAHA.112.675652
Originally published November 20, 2012
Xin Yi Leng
From the Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China (X.Y.L., X.Y.C., P.C., L.X., W.H.L., J.Y.L., B.T., K.S.W.); Departments of Community Medicine (T.H.L.), Medicine (K.S.L.L., B.M.Y.C.), and Research Center of Heart, Brain, Hormone, and Healthy Aging (K.S.L.L., B.M.Y.C.), Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; and Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom (G.N.T.).
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Xiang Yan Chen
From the Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China (X.Y.L., X.Y.C., P.C., L.X., W.H.L., J.Y.L., B.T., K.S.W.); Departments of Community Medicine (T.H.L.), Medicine (K.S.L.L., B.M.Y.C.), and Research Center of Heart, Brain, Hormone, and Healthy Aging (K.S.L.L., B.M.Y.C.), Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; and Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom (G.N.T.).
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Ping Chook
From the Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China (X.Y.L., X.Y.C., P.C., L.X., W.H.L., J.Y.L., B.T., K.S.W.); Departments of Community Medicine (T.H.L.), Medicine (K.S.L.L., B.M.Y.C.), and Research Center of Heart, Brain, Hormone, and Healthy Aging (K.S.L.L., B.M.Y.C.), Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; and Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom (G.N.T.).
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Li Xiong
From the Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China (X.Y.L., X.Y.C., P.C., L.X., W.H.L., J.Y.L., B.T., K.S.W.); Departments of Community Medicine (T.H.L.), Medicine (K.S.L.L., B.M.Y.C.), and Research Center of Heart, Brain, Hormone, and Healthy Aging (K.S.L.L., B.M.Y.C.), Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; and Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom (G.N.T.).
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Wen Hua Lin
From the Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China (X.Y.L., X.Y.C., P.C., L.X., W.H.L., J.Y.L., B.T., K.S.W.); Departments of Community Medicine (T.H.L.), Medicine (K.S.L.L., B.M.Y.C.), and Research Center of Heart, Brain, Hormone, and Healthy Aging (K.S.L.L., B.M.Y.C.), Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; and Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom (G.N.T.).
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Jing Yi Liu
From the Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China (X.Y.L., X.Y.C., P.C., L.X., W.H.L., J.Y.L., B.T., K.S.W.); Departments of Community Medicine (T.H.L.), Medicine (K.S.L.L., B.M.Y.C.), and Research Center of Heart, Brain, Hormone, and Healthy Aging (K.S.L.L., B.M.Y.C.), Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; and Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom (G.N.T.).
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Brian Tomlinson
From the Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China (X.Y.L., X.Y.C., P.C., L.X., W.H.L., J.Y.L., B.T., K.S.W.); Departments of Community Medicine (T.H.L.), Medicine (K.S.L.L., B.M.Y.C.), and Research Center of Heart, Brain, Hormone, and Healthy Aging (K.S.L.L., B.M.Y.C.), Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; and Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom (G.N.T.).
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G. Neil Thomas
From the Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China (X.Y.L., X.Y.C., P.C., L.X., W.H.L., J.Y.L., B.T., K.S.W.); Departments of Community Medicine (T.H.L.), Medicine (K.S.L.L., B.M.Y.C.), and Research Center of Heart, Brain, Hormone, and Healthy Aging (K.S.L.L., B.M.Y.C.), Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; and Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom (G.N.T.).
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Tai Hing Lam
From the Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China (X.Y.L., X.Y.C., P.C., L.X., W.H.L., J.Y.L., B.T., K.S.W.); Departments of Community Medicine (T.H.L.), Medicine (K.S.L.L., B.M.Y.C.), and Research Center of Heart, Brain, Hormone, and Healthy Aging (K.S.L.L., B.M.Y.C.), Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; and Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom (G.N.T.).
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Karen S.L. Lam
From the Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China (X.Y.L., X.Y.C., P.C., L.X., W.H.L., J.Y.L., B.T., K.S.W.); Departments of Community Medicine (T.H.L.), Medicine (K.S.L.L., B.M.Y.C.), and Research Center of Heart, Brain, Hormone, and Healthy Aging (K.S.L.L., B.M.Y.C.), Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; and Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom (G.N.T.).
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Bernard M.Y. Cheung
From the Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China (X.Y.L., X.Y.C., P.C., L.X., W.H.L., J.Y.L., B.T., K.S.W.); Departments of Community Medicine (T.H.L.), Medicine (K.S.L.L., B.M.Y.C.), and Research Center of Heart, Brain, Hormone, and Healthy Aging (K.S.L.L., B.M.Y.C.), Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; and Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom (G.N.T.).
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Ka Sing Wong
From the Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China (X.Y.L., X.Y.C., P.C., L.X., W.H.L., J.Y.L., B.T., K.S.W.); Departments of Community Medicine (T.H.L.), Medicine (K.S.L.L., B.M.Y.C.), and Research Center of Heart, Brain, Hormone, and Healthy Aging (K.S.L.L., B.M.Y.C.), Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; and Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom (G.N.T.).
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Abstract

Background and Purpose—Large artery intracranial occlusive disease (LAICOD) is a predominant cause of ischemic stroke in China. Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and presence of carotid plaque are also related to subsequent ischemic stroke. However, the correlation between these and LAICOD is less clear.

Methods—This was a community-based cross-sectional study. All subjects underwent carotid duplex ultrasonography and transcranial Doppler. Mean CIMT value of bilateral common carotid arteries was used. Plaque was defined as a focal CIMT of >1.5 mm. LAICOD in transcranial Doppler was defined by peak systolic velocity and age, and presence of turbulence or musical sound was also considered.

Results—For the 537 subjects studied (mean age, 54.7±10.1 years; 46.9% males), mean CIMT was 0.74±0.12 mm, with the 75th percentile of 0.80 mm. CIMT ≥1.0 mm was identified in 13 subjects (2.4%). Plaques were detected in 79 subjects (14.7%). Compared with those without LAICOD, the 48 subjects (8.9%) with LAICOD had greater CIMTs (0.77±0.09 versus 0.73±0.12 mm; P=0.044), more with CIMT of higher quartiles (P=0.007), and more with carotid plaques (25.0% versus 13.7%; P=0.035). However, after adjusting for confounding factors, CIMT and presence of carotid plaque were not significantly associated with LAICOD.

Conclusions—The results suggest that CIMT and presence of carotid plaque probably are not independently correlated with LAICOD in Chinese community residents, which supported the existence of pathologic and pathophysiologic differences in atherogenesis of intra- and extracranial arteries.

  • carotid intima-media thickness
  • carotid plaque
  • intracranial occlusive disease
  • Received August 31, 2012.
  • Revision received September 16, 2012.
  • Accepted October 16, 2012.
  • © 2012 American Heart Association, Inc.

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    Correlation of Large Artery Intracranial Occlusive Disease With Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Presence of Carotid Plaque
    Xin Yi Leng, Xiang Yan Chen, Ping Chook, Li Xiong, Wen Hua Lin, Jing Yi Liu, Brian Tomlinson, G. Neil Thomas, Tai Hing Lam, Karen S.L. Lam, Bernard M.Y. Cheung and Ka Sing Wong
    Stroke. 2012;STROKEAHA.112.675652, originally published November 20, 2012
    https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.112.675652

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    Correlation of Large Artery Intracranial Occlusive Disease With Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Presence of Carotid Plaque
    Xin Yi Leng, Xiang Yan Chen, Ping Chook, Li Xiong, Wen Hua Lin, Jing Yi Liu, Brian Tomlinson, G. Neil Thomas, Tai Hing Lam, Karen S.L. Lam, Bernard M.Y. Cheung and Ka Sing Wong
    Stroke. 2012;STROKEAHA.112.675652, originally published November 20, 2012
    https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.112.675652
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